This document provides a summary of the presentations, discussions, conclusions and recommendations of the workshop on Social protection to foster sustainable management of natural resources and reduce poverty in fisheries-dependent communities, held on 1718 November 2015 in Rome, Italy. It was jointly prepared by Mariaeleonora D’Andrea, Nicole Franz, Florence Poulain and Susana Siar from the Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, FAO, and Daniela Kalikoski from the Strategic Programme 3 – Rural Poverty Reduction, FAO. The workshop was jointly organized by the FAO Policy, Economics and Institutions team (FIAP) in collaboration with the Fishing Operations and Technology team (FIAO). The International Collective in Support of Fishworkers (ICSF) and the Caribbean Natural Resources Institute (CANARI) are gratefully acknowledged for the preparation of the contributed papers, reproduced in the last section of the document as submitted. The report is available at: http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6880e.pdf