The aim of this policy brief is to: alert Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs) to the projected effects of climate change on the contributions that coastal fisheries make to food security and livelihoods; and identify the adaptations and policies needed to reduce the threats and capitalise on the opportunities. Projected declines in coastal fisheries production due to the effects of climate change are expected to reduce the availability of food and livelihood opportunities for coastal communities. Several practical adaptations can minimise these effects and provide access to alternative supplies of fish for food security and jobs.