This address discusses the twin and interlinked concerns of fisheries governance and food security in developing countries. A continuation of trends promoting more participatory modes of governance involving both government fisheries officials and members of the fisheries sector is urged. The continuing decline in the world’s fisheries is also discussed with particular regard for its dire implications for future food security in developing countries. Moreover it is argued that this decline may be greatly exacerbated by climatic and environmental change resulting from global warming. Thus, not only are more participatory modes of governance urged, but also more flexible ones which can more effectively respond to rapid environmental change in fisheries. In the new millennium, old approaches may not be effective and new and more creative kinds of thinking and approaches will be required.