This paper investigates several user-based funding mechanisms for protecting the marine resources in the Republic of the Maldives, by conducting an economic valuation of its recreational uses. We developed an individual travel demand model, corrected for truncation and endogenous stratification, to estimate the benefits of atoll-based marine tourism. The study found a large disparity between the amount of economic value generated from this opportunity for nature based tourism and the amount going into atoll environmental conservation. More than half the environmental protection expenditure currently comes from unstable international sources, which makes it imperative that more stable financing sources be found. The results of the study show that even a small percent of tax added to tourist expenditure on the islands, or a direct conservation check-off as user fee collected from the tourists, would help defray the costs of atoll conservation. The paper concludes on a discussion of the policy implications of sustainable user-based financing mechanisms.