This technical paper is an initial step towards exploring the potential identification of other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) in inland waters where fisheries and fisheries-related activities take place. It forms part of the FAO Blue Transformation roadmap, as highlighted in the practical guidance document on Fisheries OECMs A Handbook for Identifying, Evaluating, and Reporting Other Effective Area-Based Conservation Measures in Marine Fisheries. Part 1 provides an overview of the role and potential contribution of inland fisheries management to biodiversity conservation and how area-based fisheries management in inland waters fits within the OECM framework. The subsequent chapters, which make up Part 2, offer region-specific information for Latin America, Africa and Asia, presenting examples of area-based management in inland fisheries that provide context-specific insights. These examples aim to support the assessment and recognition of potential for inland fisheries-related OECMs in each region.